Episode 23
Negation & Non-existence — ありません・いません・じゃないです
Learn to say what doesn't exist and what things are not. ありません, いません, じゃないです.
N5ja-nai-negative-copulaga-nai-nonexistence
You can say what's there. Now learn to say what's missing, who's absent, and what something is not.
What You'll Learn#
〜がありませんN5
[thing] does not exist — for non-living things
テレビがありません (There is no TV)
〜がいませんN5
[living thing] is not here — for people and animals
友達がいません (My friend isn't here)
〜じゃないですN5
it is not [something] — negation of です
学生じゃないです (I'm not a student)
New vocabulary: ありません (doesn't exist), いません (isn't here — animate), じゃない (is not), テレビ (TV), 友達 (friend)
Lesson Transcript#
Object Non-existence: ありません#
Animate Non-existence: いません#
Identity Negation: じゃないです#
Negation Forms#
| Positive | Negative | Used for |
|---|---|---|
| あります (exists) | ありません (doesn't exist) | Non-living things |
| います (is here) | いません (isn't here) | Living things |
| です (is) | じゃないです (is not) | Identity / description |
The pattern: swap ます for ません on verbs, swap です for じゃないです on nouns.
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